日喀则地区高海拔高原部队夏季疾病谱调查

Disease Spectrum of Troops Garrisoning at High-high Altitude Area in Rikaze in Summer

目的掌握日喀则地区高海拔高原部队官兵患病情况,为部队更有效地开展卫生防病工作提供参考。方法采用随机、就便、整群抽样的原则,从驻日喀则地区高海拔高原部队中,选择营区海拔分别为3996 m(A)、4300 m(B)和4500 m(C)的3个部队官兵为调查对象。采用横断面调查的方法,调查2012年7月3个部队隶属医疗机构的就诊情况,按照疾病和有关健康问题的国际统计分类(ICD-10)进行分类统计。结果 3个部队均是以呼吸系统疾病排在首位,其中A部队和C部队分别占76.39%和78.38%,B部队占36.67%。在呼吸系统疾病中,3个部队均是以上呼吸道感染为主。排在第2位的是消化系统疾病,A部队和C部队的患者数少,病灶比较集中;而B部队的患者数较多,病灶比较分散,但均是以炎性疾病为主。结论高海拔高原部队应将呼吸系统疾病,特别是上呼吸道感染和消化系统炎性疾病作为防治的重点,制定并采取更有针对性的疾病防治策略,提高官兵的防病意识,加强对基层卫生人员的业务培训,切实保障高原官兵的身体健康。

Objective To investigate the disease spectrum of troops garrisoning at high-high altitude area in Rikaze and to provide the reference for effective prevention and control of diseases of these troops. Methods Based on the ran- dom,convenient and cluster sampling principle, three troops stationed at 3996 m （A）,4300 m （B） and 4500 m （C） above sea level were selected. The cross sectional study method was adopted to investigate the conditions of visiting doctors in the health team or centers in these troops. The classification and statistics of the diseases were performed based on the In- ternational Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision （ICD-10）. Results The inci- dence of disease of respiratory system were the highest in all three troops and were 76. 39% ,36. 67 and 78. 38% in troop A,B and C respectively. In the diseases of respiratory system of the three troops, the incidence of the upper respiratory tract infection was the highest. The incidence of disease of digestive system was the second. The numbers of patients with disease of digestive system in troop A and C were fewer and the disease locations were focused, while the number of pa- tients in troop B was more, the disease locations were diverted,and the main etiological factor was the inflammatory reac tion. Conclusion The disease of respiratory system, especially the upper respiratory tract infection and the disease of di gestive system should be taken as the prevention and treatment focus in the troops garrisoning at high-high altitude areas. More effective strategies of disease prevention and control should be formulated accordingly, the awareness of disease pre- vention in the servicemen should be strengthened and professional training of grassroots medical staff should be improved in order to ensure the healthy of the servicemen in these troops.