自主支持及其积极效应研究述评

Review of Researches on Autonomy Support and It's Positive Effect

自我决定论认为,积极的有机体与社会情境之间是一种辩证关系,社会情境既可支持也可阻碍个体趋向积极承诺和心理成长的先天倾向,这种社会情境可以区分为自主支持和控制。西方心理学者们围绕自主支持的结构和效应作了大量研究,结果表明:无论是教师、父母,还是工作中的自主支持,均具有积极效应。然而,自主的存在与普适性,自主支持的主观性与客观性、特质与状态性、结构的一维与多维性等问题还值得深入探讨。

Aceording to self determination theory,there is a dialectical relationship between positive organisms and the social context. The social context can support or thwart the active commitment and psychological growth of innate tendencies of the individual. This social context can be divided into au- tonomy support and control. A lot of western psychological researchers work on the structure and effect of autonomy support. The results indicate the autonomy support of teachers, parents or adminis- trators have positive effects. However, some questions need to be studied,including the existence and universal of autonomy, subjectivity or objectivity, trait or state, one dimensional or multidimensional of autonomy support.