云杉属的种和种源选择试验

Selection test on the species and provenance of Picea

于湖北省宜昌市夷陵区国有樟村坪林场营造云杉属5个种18个种源的种和种源试验林,进行云杉属的种和种源选择试验。结果表明:5种云杉18个种源的造林成活率为76%～92%,平均85.0%;保存率为27%～73%,平均46.1%。欧洲云杉的平均成活率和平均保存率最高,分别达89.0%和60.0%,其中4号、6号2个种源的平均成活率和平均保存率分别达87.5%和67.0%。6年生欧洲云杉的平均树高比其它4个种的平均树高生长量提高36.85%,其中最优良种源是4号和6号种源,该2个种源的平均树高生长量比5号和7号2个种源提高26.63%;4～6年生林不同种源的保存率与历年生长量的差异均达到了显著或极显著水平;4年生林树高和地径之间、5年生林树高和冠幅之间、6年生林树高和地径之间的相关系数均在0.5以上,指标间具有极显著的正相关关系。

The plantation of Picea was constructed in State Forest Farm of Zhangcunping in Yiling District, Yichang City, Hubei Prov- ince, which included 5 species and 18 provenances of Picea, to perform an experiment on the selection of species and provenances. The results showed that, the survival rates of afforestation of 5 species and 18 provenances were 76% ~ 92%, and the average was 85.0%. The preserving rates were 27% ~73%, and the average was 46. 1%. The average survival rate and the average preserving rate of European spruce were the highest, which reached 89. 0% and 60. 0% respectively, among them, the average survival rate and the average preserving rate of No. 4 and No. 6 provenance were 87.5% and 67.0% respectively. Compared to the average height growth of other 4 species, the average height growth of 6-year-old European spruce was increased by 36. 85%. And the most excellent provenances were No. 4 and No. 6, the average height growths of the two provenances were increased by 26. 63% than No. 5 and No. 7 provenances. The difference of the preserving rate and growth among different provenances of 4 ~ 6 years old stands reached signifi- cant or very significant level. The correlation coeiffcients between the tree height and ground diameter of 4-year-old stand, between the tree height and crown of 5-year-old stand, between the tree height and ground diameter of 6-year-old stand, were above 0. 5, and there were extremely significant positive correlation between indicators.