三球悬铃木体细胞同源四倍体诱导及鉴定

Autotetraploid Induction from Somatic Cells of Platanus orientalis and Its Identification

将三球悬铃木愈伤组织置于含有不同浓度秋水仙素的双层WPM培养基上诱导四倍体植株,用变异植株根尖细胞染色体计数和成熟叶片单细胞DNA含量测定的方法进行倍性分析。结果表明,悬铃木愈伤组织在秋水仙素浓度为1000mg.L-1的双层培养基上预培养72h处理时,四倍体诱导率最高,为20.9%。根尖染色体压片结果表明,三球悬铃木二倍体染色体数为2n=2x=42,四倍体为2n=4x=84。此外,诱变出的四倍体植株与二倍体相比,具有生长慢,茎变粗,叶片变宽,节间变短,单个气孔面积增大,气孔密度减少等特征。

The induction of autotetraploid from the diploidy leaf callus of Platanus orientalia with different concentrations of colehicines on the double WPM media through chromosome numbering of the plant tip cells and DNA content in the leaf cell were investigated. The results indicated that the highest induction rate of the autotetraploid might reach 20.9% from the callus treated with 1000 mg·L^-1 colehicine for 72h on the double media. The chromosome numbering of the root tip cell showed that the diploid chromosome number was 2n=2x=42, and tetraploid 2n=4x=84. Moreover, the growth of he tetraploid seedlings was slower than that of the diploid seedlings,leaves of the tetraploid seedlings were larger and thicker than those of the diploid ones, and the stomata size and its density of the leaf larger and thicker than those of the diploid respectively.