小型家用太阳能发电和热水系统的研究

Study of Small Scale Household Solar Power Generation and Hot Water System

文章对光伏光热一体化系统(PV/T)进行了简要介绍,并对PV/T集热器进行了设计计算,得到了较好的结构,将翅片高度设定在10mm～20mm,翅片间距设定在20～40mm之间。根据国家标准,设计了满足上海地区四口之家的小型家用太阳能发电和热水系统,并对家用系统的流量特性做了计算,选取了有利于热电综合效益的流量,结果表明当流量为300L/h时,该家用系统在冬夏季均能有良好的电热性能的表现。冬季热水的温度较低,为28℃,但通过热泵可以提升至用户需求温度,夏季可得到40℃的热水,同时太阳能电池由于有效的冷却,发电效率可以提高8%。

In this paper, the Photovoltaic solar-thermal integration system （PV/T） is briefly introduced, and a better structure of heat collector in PV/T is obtained through design calculation, in which the height of the fin is set in a range of 10 to 20mm and the spacing in 20 to 40mm. According to the national standard, a small household solar PV optothermal integrated components is designed, which can meet the application of shanghai family of four. A flow of 300L/h is selected by analysing the flow characteristic of the system, which is beneficial to Thermoelectric Integrated Benefits, and the system could get a good electrothermic performance both in Summer and Winter. The hot water temperature is usually only 28℃ in Winter on average, through the heat pump, it can be raised to meet the user＇s need, and also can reach 40% in Summer. In the meantime, the generating efficiency can be increased by 8% , because of the effective cooling of the solar cell.