竞争环境下考虑溢出效应的供应链创新协作研究

Supply Chain Innovation in Competitive Condition Based on Spillovers Effect

本文研究由一个制造商,两个零售商组成的两级供应链,零售商之间存在价格竞争,两个零售商通过创新降低运营成本,创新成果具有溢出效应。研究发现,溢出效应、竞争效应有利于提高企业的创新投入和增加最优销售量。当供应链上的制造商与销售商不进行合作时,制造商的最优批发价格与零售商创新研发溢出系数以及零售商之间的竞争强度无关。由于分散决策下零售商的创新投入和最优销售量都低于集中供应链最优的水平,为此,利用二部定价合同进行协调。

In this paper, we study the two-stage supply chain composed of a manufacturer and two retailers. The retailers compete by price. The two retailers reduce operating costs through innovations which have spillover effects. The study found that the spillover effects and the effects of competition will help to improve the retailer innovation investment as well as the optimal sales. When the manufacturers and retailers have non-cooperation, the optimal wholesale prices for manufacturers regardless of the intensity of retailer competition and the spillovers effect of innovation. Because the retailer＇s investment of innovation and optimal sales in decentralized supply chain are lower than the optimal level of centralized supply chain, we use the two-part tariff to make the members of the supply chain to achieve a win-win.