钢压杆稳定性和非弹性弯曲失稳研究

Study on the Stability and Inelastic Buckling Instability of Steel Rod

从十八世纪中期,欧拉提出了著名的轴压杆临界力公式,对于压杆稳定性问题的研究已经有二百多年的历史了。但是其中却花了一百多年的时间去认识欧拉公式仅仅适用于材料的弹性工作范围。对于非弹性压杆临界力的研究有双模量理论和切线模量理论。上述不管哪个理论都是从理想的直杆出发的,与实用压杆存在着各种"偶然偏心"(如:几何方面杆的初挠曲、压力不对称中物理方面材质不匀、存在残余应力等)的缺陷不相符,因此,对于实用压杆来讲,应当按照偏心压杆考虑更为实际。

The study of compressed rod stability has been more than 200 years since Euler proposed the famous axial load critical force formula in the middle of 18th century.However,more than 100 years was used to recognize that Euler formula is only applicable within the elastic working range of the material.For the study of the inelastic compressed rod critical force,there are double modulus and tangent modulus theory.Both of them are based on ideal straight rod and are not always in accordance with the practical rods which sometimes are eccentric（such as geometrical initial bending,physical material irregularity and residual stress）.Therefore,for practical rods,they should be considered as eccentric rods.