黄腐植酸浸种对直播水稻生长及产量的影响(英文)

Effect of Fulvic Acid on Growth and Yield Components of Direct Seeding Rice

[目的]研究黄腐植酸浸种对直播水稻生长及产量的影响。[方法]以水稻南粳44为材料,通过田间小区试验研究浓度分别为0（清水对照）、1、2、4、6g/L的黄腐植酸（FulvicAcid,FA）浸种对直播水稻生长及产量的影响。[结果]不同浓度的黄腐植酸浸种后直播水稻拔节期、抽穗期的叶面积指数、叶绿素含量、净光合速率、气孔导度、干物重等均有不同程度的增加,其中4~6g/L黄腐植酸浸种处理直播水稻的叶面积指数增加10.32%~22.88%、叶绿素含量增加5.88%~13.11%、净光合速率增加12.16%~26.84%、气孔导度增加11.43%~88.46%、蒸腾速率增加10.63%~21.63%、干物重增加18.49%~19.68%,与对照相比均有显著性差异。同时PSⅡ的最大光化学效率（Fv/Fm）、开放的PSⅡ反应中心的激发能捕获效率（Fv’/Fm’）、PSⅡ的实际光化学效率（ФPSⅡ）等荧光参数也均有不同程度的升高,说明黄腐植酸浸种明显改善了直播水稻营养生长期的生理功能和光能转换效率。产量及其构成因子分析表明,随着黄腐植酸浸种浓度的提高,直播水稻有效穗数、穗粒数、结实率及产量明显增加,其中4~6g/L黄腐植酸浸种处理直播水稻的有效穗数增加3.46%~3.85%、穗粒数增加6.30%~6.51%、结实率增加7.82%~8.69%、产量增加17.52%~18.71%,与对照相比均有显著性差异。[结论]黄腐植酸浸种处理可作为一种提高直播水稻竞争能力的措施,有利于直播水稻高产、稳产。

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the effect of fulvic acid on the growth and yield components of direct seeding rice （Nanjing 44）. MethodThe rice seeds were soaked in 0 （water as a control）, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/L fulvic acid （FA） before sowed. Then, the rice morphological indices, leaf chlorophyll content, photosynthesis parameters, root activity and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured in the following field studies. ResultCompared with the control, the leaf area index, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and dry matter weight and some fluorescence parameters such as the maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II （PSII） （Fv/Fm）, excitation energy capture efficiency of opened PSII reaction center （Fv’/Fm’） and efficiency of the open reaction centre （ΦPS II） increased by different levels at both jointing stage and heading stage of direct seeding rice, whose seeds were soaked by FA with different concentrations. High FA concentration （4-6 g/L） significantly increased the cultivated rice leaf area index, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and dry matter weight by 10.32% -22.88% , 5.88% -13.11% , 12.16% -26.84% , 11.43% -88.46% , 10.63% -21.63% , 18.49% -19.68% , respectively, thereby improving the physiological function and light energy transform efficiency of rice at the growth stage. With FA concentration increasing, the yield, effective panicles, grain number per panicle and seed setting rate were increased significantly compared with the control by 17.52%-18.71%, 3.46%-3.85%, 6.30%- 6.51% and 7.82%-8.69% respectively. ConclusionSoaking rice seed with FA could be considered as an effective way to improve the rice competitiveness at early growth stage.