珍稀濒危物种黄檗的研究现状

The Advance on the Study of Rare and Endangered Phellodendron Amurense

黄檗，是分布于温带阔叶林和混交林和珍稀濒危物种。黄檗种群的规模不断减小，这其中有人为过度利用的原因，也有物种本身的生物学原因。本文以已有的研究成果为基础，从资源现状、繁殖方法和生物组织学等方面详细分析了导致该种珍稀濒危的生物学机理，结果表明，黄檗对立地条件的要求，其枯落物对种子萌发的抑制作用，种子的传播特点，以及高经济价值引起的过度利用是其种群规模较小的主要原因，而目前有限的保护措施和方法也是导致其种群未能扩大的重要原因。从保护和恢复珍稀濒危黄檗种群的角度，建议增加以保护生态系统生物多样性为目的的自然保护区并建立种植圃以保幸卢其优秀种席。

Phellodendrom amurense is rare and endangered species in temperate broadleaf and mixed forests. Its population size decreased rapidly because of the Overexploitation and the biological reason. This article analyzed the biological cause with reviewing the informed research, from resource, reproducing and ceUular biology. The site condition, inhibition of litter to seeds germination, seeds dispersal and over-use with high economic value were showed to be the main causes to the small population size. The limited protecting measure is another important reason restricts the size of the population. Nature reserve aims to preserve the ecosystem biodiversity is suggested to build for protecting and recovering the rare and endangered Phellodendron amurense.