2010年乌鲁木齐市住院儿童病毒性腹泻监测结果分析

Surveillance of viral diarrhea among hospitalized children in Urumqi,2010

目的了解乌鲁木齐市住院儿童病毒性腹泻的流行现状。方法 2010年1-12月采集乌鲁木齐市379例腹泻住院患儿粪便标本,用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)、反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测5种常见腹泻病毒。结果 229份(60.4%)粪便标本检出至少1种病毒。轮状病毒、诺如病毒、星状病毒、肠道腺病毒和札如病毒检出率分别为45.6%、14.2%、4.2%、3.2%和1.1%。混合感染共26例,以轮状病毒和诺如病毒组合占首位(50.0%,13/26)。1-3月和10-12月是轮状病毒流行高峰期;诺如病毒流行主要发生在10月。轮状病毒感染平均年龄小于诺如病毒感染平均年龄(P=0.002),肠道腺病毒和札如病毒感染全部发生于<2岁儿童。结论轮状病毒仍是2010年乌鲁木齐市儿童病毒性腹泻的最主要的病原体,其次是诺如病毒;混合感染占一定比例,在以后的流行病学及病原学研究中应该更加关注混合感染的出现。

Objective To understand the etiological characteristics of hospitalized children with diarrhea in Urumqi.Methods Stool samples were collected from 379 hospitalized children with diarrhea in Urumqi from January to December 2010 to conduct etiological detection with ELISA,RT-PCR and PCR respectively.Results Among the 229（60.4%） samples collected,the detection rate was 45.6% for rotavirus,14.2% for norovirus,4.2% for astrovirus,3.2% for adenovirus and 1.1% for sapovirus.Co-infections were detected in 26 cases.The most common type was co-infection of rotavirus and norovirus,accounting for 50.0%（13/26）.The incidence peaks of rotavirus infection occurred during January-March and October-December respectively,and the incidence peak of norovirus infection occurred in October.The children with rotavirus infection were younger than those with norovirus infection（P=0.002）.All adenovirus and sapovirus infections occurred in children aged2 years.Conclusion Rotavirus was the most prevalent pathogen of childhood viral diarrhea in Urumqi in 2010,followed by norovirus.Co-infection was detected too,to which close attention should be paid in future epidemiological and etiological researches.