临床分离真菌的分布特点及其耐药性分析

Distribution characteristics and resistance analysis of the clinically isolated fungi

目的了解本院临床真菌感染的种类和耐药性特点，为临床合理使用抗真菌药物提供依据。方法收集2012年1-8月临床分离出的真菌菌株，用沙保弱培养基对其培养、分离和纯化，科玛嘉显色培养基进行鉴定，ATBFungus3真菌药敏板条进行药敏试验。结果共分离出464株真菌，其中以白色念珠菌为主，占78．0％，其次是光滑念珠菌，占15．5％。分离的真菌对两性霉素B和5．氟胞嘧啶的敏感率较高，而对伊曲康唑和氟康唑的敏感率相对较低。结论检出的真菌对5种抗真菌药物已出现了不同程度的耐药性，因此，临床医生应根据药敏结果合理使用抗真菌药物，以提高临床治愈率。

Objective To investigate the species and drug resistance of the clinical fungal infections in this hospital, and to provide the evidence for clinical reasonable use of antifungal drugs. Methods The clinical fungal strains were selected from January to August 2012. All strains were cultured and isolated on Sabouraud＇s medium. CHROMagar Candida and ATB fungus strips were used for identification and drug sensitivity test. Results Among the selected 464 strains, most of the fungi were Candida albicans （78.0%）, and the next were Candida glabrata （15.5%）. The isolated fungi were highly sensitive to amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine, but lowly sensitive to itraconazol and fluconazole. Conclusion The detected fungi had different levels of drug resistance, so clinical doctors should use antifungal medicines rationally in order to improve clinical cure rate.