赤潮灾害监测预报与减灾对策研究进展

Research advances on red tides monitoring and prevention countermeasures

赤潮灾害近年来频繁发生,破坏了海洋生态环境,阻碍了海洋经济发展,已成为当前亟需解决的海洋生态灾害之一。论文从赤潮生物、海水温度、叶绿素a浓度、透明度、营养盐和PH值、数学模型和卫星遥感等7个方面回顾分析了国内外有关赤潮监测预报的研究进展情况,并在此基础上提出了赤潮灾害的减灾对策。研究发现:目前赤潮预报方法存在着测量速度慢、操作成本高、运行效率低的瓶颈,并且减灾对策大多仍处于理论研究阶段,实际应用较少。下一步应把各学科科学耦合起来,综合研发基于海洋生态过程的新型预报技术;同时完善赤潮发生后的应急管理体制和机制,为海洋生态系统的可持续利用提供相应的技术支持和决策指导。

In recent years, red tide disaster has become one of the marine ecological disaster urgent. This paper reviews the research progress of the red tide monitoring and forecast at home and abroad, and puts forward the red tide disaster mitigation strategies. The study found that the red tide forecast methods exists some bottlenecks, and the mitigation measures are still in the stage of theoretical research, less practical applications. Therefore, we should couple up each discipline to research the model prediction technology based on the marine ecological processes. At the same time, we should establish the emergency management system to provide technical support and decision-making guide for the sustainable utilization of marine ecosystem.