司法能动论:历史考察与现实评价

On Judicial Activism:Historical Investigation and Realistic Evaluation

"司法能动主义"是舶来品,而"司法能动论"则是司法能动主义结合中国国情的产物,尽管后者被赋予了不少"新意"和"引申义",但客观地说,这也是文化接受与传播过程中一种不可避免的现象。从法文化的深层渊源看,我国属于"大陆法系"国家,法官奉行"司法克制"的传统,从而大大抑制了"司法能动"的空间,但社会生活的快速变化与成文法废、改、立的滞后性这一矛盾又会呼唤"司法能动"的出场,以弥补法律的缺陷,达到实质正义的目标。这就为司法能动在大陆法系国家司法实践中的存在提供了一席之地。司法能动是司法克制前提下的能动,不是盲动妄动;司法克制又包容了司法能动的合理空间,不是对法律条文的僵化固守。两者追求的目标是相同的,即正义的实现、人权的彰显。

＂Judicial activism＂ is exotic. There are jurisdictions where there is running Judi- cial discretion shadow, the essence of judicial activism is that the expansion of judicial discre- tion. China belong to the ＂civil law＂ countries, judges pursuing a ＂judicial restraint＂ tradition, which greatly inhibited the ＂judicial activism＂ of space, but the rapid changes in social life would call ＂judicial activism＂ in appearance to compensate for defects in the law, to achieve sub- stantive justice goals. This is judicial activism in civil law countries, the existence of judicial practice to provide a place. In a rational justice model, the ＂judicial restraint＂ and ＂judicial ac- tivism＂ go hand in hand, where there is judicial restraint judicial activism, where there are judi- cial activism judicial restraint. The two can go hand in hand, just as the ancient Chinese judicial tradition.