内向和外向开放式创新组织模式研究——基于技术路线图视角

Organizational modes for inbound and outbound open innovation based on technology roadmap

在内向和外向开放式创新过程中,企业采取何种组织模式才能有效利用内部和外部的知识或技术是企业成功实施的关键所在。基于内向开放式创新和外向开放式创新的耦合关系,本文将内向开放式创新市场拉力路线图(MPRIOI)和外向开放式创新技术推力路线图(TPROOI)进行了整合。内向开放式创新企业在市场分析、产品分析和技术分析三个阶段,可分别采用非股权战略联盟、购买技术服务和购买技术授权的组织模式实现内向开放式创新;外向开放式创新企业在技术分析、产品分析和市场分析三个阶段,可分别采用非股权战略联盟、提供技术服务和提供技术授权的组织模式实现外向开放式创新。借助技术路线图方法帮助企业在在内部技术开发和外部技术开发之间进行决策,在内向开放式创新、外向开放式创新以及封闭式创新之间寻找到创新战略的最佳均衡点。

In the implementation of Inbound Open Innovation （IOI） and Outbound Open Innovation （OOI） , the key is which organiza- tional modes can effective use internal and external knowledge or technologies for enterprises. The methods of ＂Market Pull Roadmap- ping for Inbound Open Innovation （MPPtIOI） ＂ and ＂Technology Push Roadmapping for Outbound Open Innovation （TPROOI） ＂ are integrated on the basis of the coupling relationship between inbound open innovation and outbound open innovation in the paper. The inbound open innovation can use the organizational modes of non - equity alliance, purchase of technical services and in - licensing in the stages of market analysis, product analysis and technical analysis respectively. Otherwise, the outbound open innovation can use the organizational modes of non - equity alliance, supply of technical services and out - licensing in the stages of technical analysis, product analysis and market analysis respectively. The technology roadmap can help enterprises make decisions between internal tech- nology exploration and external technology exploitation, and find the best equilibrium point of the innovation strategy within inbound open innovation, outbound open innovation and closed innovation.