长沙市高校学生肺结核发病危险因素病例对照研究

Risk factors of tuberculosis among college students in Changsha: A case-control study

目的探讨长沙市高校学生肺结核发病的危险因素,为高校肺结核防控工作提供科学参考。方法采用频数匹配的病例对照研究,病例组为长沙市高校2010—2011年期间疾控机构或定点医院确诊的学生肺结核病例116例,在病例所在的学校选择232名非肺结核学生为对照组。采用自制调查问卷进行一对一的面谈。结果单因素分析显示,与高校学生肺结核发病有关联的因素有性别、民族、卡介苗接种史、BMI、肺结核病人接触史、参加集体活动频率、患有其他疾病、生活费。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,男性、未接种卡介苗、体重过低、有肺结核病人接触史、参加集体活动频率较低、生活费少可增加高校学生肺结核发病的风险。结论影响高校学生肺结核发病的因素较多。应采取针对性的防控策略,多角度、多方法地控制高校学生肺结核的发生。

Objective To explore the high risk factors of tuberculosis among college students in Changsha, and to provide basic information for tuberculosis control. Methods Data were collected by face-to-face interview about general information among 116 college students infected tuberculosis diagnosed by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention （CDC） during 2010 to 2011 and matched 232 non-tuberculosis students from the same colleges. Results Univariate analysis showed that gender, nationality, BCG vaccination history, BMI, tuberculosis exposure, frequency of participate in group activities, comorbid diseases, and living expenses were factors associated with tuberculosis among college students. Multivariate Logistic regression showed that being male（ OR = 2. 251,95% CI= 1. 246-4. 065 ） , no BCG vaccinationl OR=2. 374,95% CI= 1. 177-4. 788 ） , low weight （ OR = 2. 969,95% C1= 1. 582-5. 569 ） , history of contacting TB patients （ OR = 37. 229,95 % CI = 3. 899-355. 444 ） , low frequency of participate in group activities （ OR = 4. 046,95 % CI= 2. 476-6.6 l 2 ） , low living expenses （ OR = 1. 643,95 % CI = 1. 049-2.575 ） were risk factors which may increase the risk of tuberculosis. Conclusions There are many factors influencing the prevalence of TB among the college students. The targeted preventire strategies should be adopted to control the infection. TB Prevention strategies should be made considering those risk factors found in this study.