论对黑格尔哲学思想的四重误解

On the Four Mis-understandings of Hegel’s Philosophical Thought

理论界长期存在对黑格尔哲学思想的误解:一是把黑格尔对"旧形而上学"或"过去的形而上学"的批判误解为对"形而上学"本身的批判,并认为"形而上学"就是"反辩证法"的思维方式;二是把黑格尔的辩证法误解为"否定性辩证法",认为"否定性"是辩证法的"推动原则"或"革命本质",实际上黑格尔更强调辩证法的"肯定性";三是把黑格尔有关"善恶"关系的辩证法误解为取消"善恶"差别的相对主义,并提出"恶是历史发展的动力";四是把黑格尔寻求理性与现实统一的"两个凡是"命题误解与发挥为脱离理性的单纯经验论命题,并提出"凡是现存的都一定要灭亡"等相对主义观点。这四重误解,既遮蔽了哲学的形上本质,也曲解了辩证法的肯定性与确定性特征,理应予以纠正。

For a long period,there has been three misunderstandings about Hegel ’s Philosophy among scholars.(1) Hegel’s critique on old metaphysics has been taken wrongly as the critique on metaphysics itself.Some people even considered the metaphysics as an anti-dialectics thinking-way.(2) Some ones mistakenly conceived Hegel’s dialectics as a Negative Dialectics,and asserted that the negativity is the impulsive principle and the revolutionary essence of dialectics.(3) The dialectics about the relationship between goodness and evil has been misunderstood as the relativism eliminating the difference between goodness and evil,and some even put forward a fallacious theme,i.e.the evil is the impulse of development of history.(4) Some misconstrued Hegel’s thesis of ‘both-right two’ which seeks the unity of reason and reality,surmised it as a bare empiricist thesis which totally abandons reason and proposed a relativistic point which considers whatever exist will be destined to die off.Those misunderstandings,not only veiling the metaphysical point of philosophy but also dis torting the fundamental character of dialectics,should be rectified.