中国城镇居民收入差距适度性分析

Research on the Moderation of Income Gap of Chinese Urban Residents

收入差距的适度性问题不仅是经济学上的效率和公平问题,而且也是与社会的和谐稳定相联系的。对中国现阶段城镇居民收入差距适度性问题的研究表明:中国城镇居民收入差距较大,基尼系数已超过警戒线,城镇居民收入及收入差距由于个人基本特征、人力资本与政治资本、地区与户口所在地差异、制度因素而存在较大差异;现阶段居民收入差距超过了合理的界限;权钱交易、寻租与腐败是居民收入差距扩大的最主要原因;居民对收入差距扩大承受力较强,但对收入分配状况不满意;官员腐败与贫富差距过大是影响社会稳定和阻碍经济效率的最主要因素与风险;取缔非法非正常收入、惩治腐败是促进公平分配、缩小收入差距的最重要措施。

An analysis on the income gap of chinese urban residents indicates such problems： The income gap is widening among urban residents, the Gini coefficient has exceeded the warning level, At current level, income gap has gone beyond a reasonable level; The tolerance capabilities for the income gap among residents have been enhanced, whereas the satisfaction degree remains to be low; The major outcome of the increasingly serious inequality of income distribution is ＂the rising level of social instability＂; The most significant factors affecting social stability and hampering economic efficiency are ＂official corruption＂ and ＂widening gap between the rich and the poor＂. Above all, outlawing illegal and improper income and combating corruption are paramount measure in promoting equal distribution and narrowing income gap.