城镇居民住房不均等性的变化

Dynamics of Housing Inequality in Urban China

文章以中国居民收入分配课题组于1988、1995、2002和2007年4次城镇居民住户调查数据为基础,从人均居住面积和人均拥有面积两个方面讨论中国城镇居民住房不均等性的变化特征。文章发现,在人均住房面积大幅度增长的过程中,人均居住面积的不均等程度相对稳定,相对于收入排序的集中率略有上升但总体不均等程度较低,人均拥有面积的不均等程度在此期间则大幅度下降,但相对于收入排序的集中率则有明显的上升趋势。在此基础上,文章讨论了家庭收入水平、户主年龄与教育程度、家庭成员就业状况及地区(省份)因素对家庭人均住房及其不均等性的影响。

Based on the urban household surveys conducted by China Household Income Projects in 1988,1995,2002 and 2007,this paper discusses housing inequality and its changes respectively by focusing on per capita housing area and per capita ownership housing area in urban China.The main findings indicate that housing conditions of urban residents are improved when measured by per capita housing area although the inequality has slightly increased,especially for the concentration ratio of per capita housing area ranked by household income.Nevertheless the inequality of per capita ownership housing area tends to be improved in this period but deteriorates over the concentration ratio of per capita ownership housing area ranked by household income.Household income,age and education attainment of household head,employment status of household members,and regional(provincial) effects are applied to explain how the inequality changes over China's urban housing situation.