论康德对朱光潜前期美学的基础性影响

Kantian Influence on Early Zhu Guangqian

本文在细读朱光潜1949年前的美学文献基础上,全面梳理了前期朱光潜美学与康德的关系及其变化,证明了康德美学对朱光潜美学思想形成有着极其重要的基础性影响:虽然朱光潜前期(1949年前)美学呈现出审美心理学的特色,表面上看受克罗齐影响颇为明显,但是这一切都是在接受了康德美学之后的选择性接受。康德美学对朱光潜的基础性影响主要表现为对康德非功利—形式主义美学以及"崇高"理论的接受。但是,朱光潜对康德美学并非一直坚信不疑,30年代后半期逐渐怀疑起康德非功利学说的合理性来。但不论是认同还是怀疑,朱光潜始终对康德美学及其哲学体系知之不深,存在着明显的误读。

Based in a close reading of Zhu Guangqian＇ s pre - 1949 works on aesthetics, the paper delineates the relationship be- tween Zhu＇ s early aesthetics and Kant and points out the fundamental influence of Kantian aesthetics on the formation of Zhu＇ s aesthetic theory. The paper claims that Croce＇ s apparent influence shown as the psychological aspects in Zhu＇ a pre - 1949 aes- thetics should be understood as selective acceptance after Zhu＇ s acceptance of Kantian aesthetics. Kant＇ s main influence upon Zhu＇ s aesthetics is Zhu＇ s acceptance of the uninterested non - utilitarian formalism and the sublime theory, although Zhu had held some reservation about Kant＇s aesthetics, especially after 1930s when he began to doubt the legitimacy of non -utilitarian- ism. The paper claims that Zhu had misread Kant＇ s aesthetics.