影响技术风险认知的社会文化建构因素

The Cultural Construction Factors Affecting Technology Risk Perception

科技风险事件的决策与处理过程,不可避免的涉及到政府、专家和公众的沟通,公众的技术风险认知及其影响因素是风险沟通研究中的重要内容。前人对公众技术风险认知的影响因素主要从经济学、心理学和个人情感角度进行了研究,但对于生活在社会中的人类而言,社会发展和文化建构对于人们风险认知的影响越来越突显。通过调查北京公众对六里屯垃圾焚烧厂建设过程中的风险认知和态度,试图运用数据分析来探究影响公众技术风险认知的文化背景、价值观、生活经验等文化建构因素,主要考察了学历、职业、公众态度和社会经验四个变量。从475份有效问卷的结果统计分析,大部分公众的技术风险认知水平较低,学历、职业、公众态度和社会经验与技术风险认知水平显著相关。

The decision-making process of the scientific and technological risk inevitably involves communication between the government, experts and the public, public risk perception and its influencing factors are important in risk communication. Previous researchers mainly concentrated to analysis public risk perception from economics, psychology and personal feelings, but for human beings living in society, social development and cul- tural construct are growingly influencing public risk perception. This paper aims to further explore cultural construction factors, such as cultural back- grounds, values and life experiences, using an empirical case study of the level of public technology risk perception on the construction of the Beijing Liulitun Incineration Plant in China, especially examine the education, occupation, public attitude and social experience. With a total of 475 valid questionnaires, we found that most people＇ s risk perception of technology risk is not very high, and there is a significance relation between technology risk perception and education, occupation, public attitude, social experience.