纳秒激光脉冲去除金属基底油漆研究

The study on the paint removal from the metal base with nanosecond laser pulse

激光除漆具有操作方便、效率高、成本低、污染小等优势,具有广泛的应用潜力。主要研究了纳秒激光脉冲烧蚀金属基底表面油漆时热力学过程。研究表明,纳秒激光辐照下,油漆与金属基底都会产生温升,金属基底的温升可达3000K,但是对于金属基底上厚度较薄的油漆层来说,温升仅大约为200K。在这种条件下,仅仅靠激光烧蚀效应,油漆不会完全去除。但由于基底温度极高,将会产生极高温度和压强的极高等离子体。等离子体产生的冲击波会向外膨胀,这样就会有效去除金属基底上的油漆;形貌研究也表明,金属去除主要是基于激光等离子体的膨胀效应,而不是直接的烧蚀去除。

Laser pmnt stripping has great potentialities in industries due to its high ethciency, simple operation, light pollution and low cost. the thermodynamic of the paint ablation on the metal substrate with nanosecond laser pulse is researched. The studies show that the temperature of the paint layer and mental substrate will rise up when nanosecond laser pulse irradiate paint, the temperature of paint is only about 200 K, while the metal is about 3000 K. Under such condition, the paint can not be removed only with heat effect of laser ablated. But the laser plasma with high temperature and pressure can be produced due to the high temperature of metal substrate. The plasma shock wave can expand outward, which can remove the paint from the metal substrate effectively. It was indicated from the studies of the morphology that the paint removal is mainly due to the expansion of the laser plasma, rather than the laser ablation.