晚清江南制造局的“内迁”——兼论中国工业发展中的战略纵深

The “Inland Migration” of the Jiangnan Arsenal in the Late Qing Dynasty

江南制造局自创办之初即有迁设内地之议。此后,大臣英翰、裕禄、曾国荃、荣禄等,都不同程度上奏表示过类似意见、建议。光绪二十九年、三十年,张之洞先后联名袁世凯、魏光焘上奏过两个移建计划,光绪帝批复"再行筹议",并遣铁良再度亲往考察。对铁良的覆奏,光绪帝依然谕旨"政务处、练兵处议奏"。历经四十年,江南制造局内迁最终未能真正施行,但其所反映的却是中国工业化发展中的战略纵深建设这一重大问题。

Just after creation of the Jiangnan Arsenal in 1865 there were suggestions to move it inland.Many important ministers,such as Yinghan,Yulu,Zeng Guoquan,Ronglu and others put forward ideas to the imperial government to move the arsenal.Zhang Zhidong,Yuan Shikai and Wei Guangtao jointly put forward plans to relocate the arsenal inland in 1903 and 1904,but the Guangxu Emperor responded that ＂over-all plan＂ was needed and he sent Tieliang to inspect the situation personally.After receiving Tieliang＇s report to the imperial government the Guangxu Emperor reiterated that the Administrative Affairs Bureau and the Military Training Bureau should draw up an over-all plan.After forty years,the failure to relocate the Jiangnan Arsenal from 1865 to 1904,clearly reflected the serious problem of China＇s failure to develop an in-depth strategy for modern industrialization.