消瘀片消退兔腹主动脉粥样斑块作用的研究

Study of Xiaoyu tablets(tablets for dispersing the stasis) on the regression of atherosclerotic plaques in rabbit abdominal aorta

目的 观察消瘀片对兔腹主动脉粥样斑块的消退作用。方法 采用高脂饮食 8w加腹主动脉内膜剥脱术制成兔腹主动脉粥样硬化模型 ,通过血管腔内超声技术、光镜和电镜 ,检查口服消瘀片 1 6 w后兔腹主动脉粥样斑块的消长变化。结果 血管腔内超声检查显示 ,粥样硬化组管壁呈弥漫性增厚 ,腔内有环形或半月状粥样斑块低回声区 ,用消瘀片治疗后 ,管壁增厚不明显 ,仅可见散在或短弧形粥样斑块回声区 ,粥样斑块厚度和斑块面积与粥样硬化组相比明显减少。光镜下可见粥样硬化组管壁内膜增厚 ,含有大量的泡沫细胞 ,平滑肌细胞 (SMC)和粥样坏死物质。消瘀片组的内膜变薄 ,泡沫细胞、SMC和粥样坏死灶明显少见。透射电镜显示粥样硬化组 SMC胞体胞大、胞浆内线粒体和内质网等细胞器丰富 ,呈合成型表型 ,有些 SMC内有较多的胆固醇结晶沉积。而消瘀片组 SMC排列较整齐 ,胞浆内有较多的致密斑和肌丝 ,细胞器较少 ,呈收缩型表型 ,未见有胆固醇结晶形成。结论 消瘀片有促进粥样斑块消退的作用。

Objective The regressive effects of Xiaoyu tablets on the atherosclerotic plaques in rabbit abdominal aorta were observed.Methods Atherosclerotic lesions of the rabbits were induced by feeding high fat diet of 8 weeks and by performing abrasion of the abdominal aorta endothelial cells using 4F.Forgarty embolectomy catheter.Changes in plaques were measured by intravascular ultrasound,light and electronic microscope techniques after taking Xiaoyu tablets for 16 weeks.Results Intravascular ultrasono graphic imaging indicated that the vessel wall was thick,cyclical or semilunar bright reflections were visible on the inner of vascular wall in atherosclerotic model group,indicating atherosclerotic plaque.In Xiaoyu tablets group,all of vessel wall was not thick and only,a short arched bright reflection of small atherosclerotic plaque was visible,thickness and area of plaque were significantly decreased as compared with atherosclerotic model group.Light microscope showed numerous foam cells,smooth muscle cells(SMC) and atheromatous necrotic substance in atherosclerotic model group,But the thickening intima were thined,foam cells,SMC and atheromatous necrotic substances were obviously diminished.Transmission electron micrograph showed SMC overgrowth well developed endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria(synthetic phenotype),intracellular and extracellular cholestrol crystals generation in atherosclerotic model group.But SMC arranged in order,macula densa and myofilament were richer,organelles were scare(contractlie phenotype),without generation of cholesterol crystal were observed in Xiaoyu tablets group.Conclusions Xiaoyu tablets had the regression action on the atherosclerotic plaque.