被动吸烟与幼儿血铅水平关系的研究

Passive Smoking and Blood Lead Level

随机抽取太原市居民区某幼儿园 2～ 6岁 395名儿童为研究对象 ,用自拟问卷调查儿童被动吸烟情况 ,采指端末梢血 2 0 μl,原子吸收石墨炉法测定血铅。结果表明 :家庭成员中吸烟无任何限制者高达 89 37% ,来访客人是否吸烟同家庭成员是否吸烟密切相关 (r=0 6 182 ,P =0 0 181) ,6 2 5 3 %幼儿存在ETS暴露。暴露组幼儿血铅水平 (2 6 98μg/dl)及铅中毒流行率 (87 45 % )明显高于非暴露组 (2 2 2 4μg/dl,6 0 81% )。幼儿血铅水平及铅中毒流行率随家庭成员吸烟量与时间增加明显升高 (P <0 0 5 ) ,被动吸烟对 2岁年龄组的影响存在较其他年龄组严重的趋势 ,多元逐步回归分析显示被动吸烟与血铅值相关。据此推导 :被动吸烟影响幼儿血铅水平 ,可能年龄越小 ,越易感和脆弱。

To research the relationship between passive smoking and blood lead level,the sitution of passive smoking were investigate in 395 preschool children aged 2～6 years with self-designed Questionnaire and their blood lead level were measured to analyze the the relationship between passive smoking and blood lead level.The results showed that the blood lead level and the prevalence rate of lead poisoning (26 98μg/dl,87 45%)in the observation group were higher than that in the contral group(22 24μg/dl,60 81%)significiantly,as the passive smoking increasing,they increased gradually(P<0 05),the Bpb was the highest in 2 year old observation group than in the others,multiple regression analysis showed that passive smoking were associated with blood lead levels.It were obvious that passive smoking affected the blood lead levels of preschool children,2 year old was probably the critical period of passive smoking exposure.