大豆花叶病毒病研究进展

PROGRESS ON THE DISEASE OF SOYBEAN MOSAIC VIRUS

大豆花叶病毒病是世界性病害 ,导致大豆产量降低并产生种粒斑驳。目前国内外对 SMV株系的划分不统一。美国报道了 G1- G7,G7A,C14九个株系 ,日本报道了 A- E 5个株系 ,中国东北 1、2、3号株系 ,江苏 SA- SH 株系 ,湖北 S1,S2株系 ,黄淮 Y1- Y7株系。各地学者开展了抗源的鉴定和抗病育种工作 ,筛选和选育出一批抗病品种。美国已命名 3个抗性基因 ,Rsv1,Rsv2 ,Rsv3。由于抗源不同 ,对中国东北 3个株系 SMV抗性遗传研究结果不同 ,抗性受 1对或 2对显性或隐性基因控制 ;对江苏株系抗性遗传研究结果一致 ,抗性受单显性基因控制。对感染 SMV后大豆植株及种粒生理生化性状的变化及抗性机制进行了研究 ,表明过氧化物酶同工酶等性状与抗性有关。目前已鉴定出与抗性基因连锁的 SSR,RFLP和 RAPD分子标记 ,成功的克隆了 SMV外壳蛋白基因并导入大豆中。

Soybean mosaic virus(SMV) disease is a worldwide disease,resulting in yield reduction and seed coat mottling. The classification of SMV strains is different in the world up to now. Nine strains (G1-G7, G7A and C14) have been identified in U.S., five strains(A-E) have been identified in Japan. The classification system of SMV strains in China is also different in different areas. SMV No.1, 2, 3 has been identified in Northeast China, S A-S H has been identified in Jiangsu Province. Some soybean accessions resistant to SMV have been identified and some new resistant soybean varieties have been released. Three resistant genes (Rsv1, Rsv2 and Rsv3) have been designated in U.S. The genetic of resistant gene to SMV strains in Northeast China is different. The resistance is controlled by one or two dominant or recessive genes. Biochemical changes of soybean varieties after infected with SMV have been studied and biochemical resistance mechanism has been discussed. Molecular markers such as SSR,RFLP and RAPD linked to resistance genes have been identified. The CP gene of SMV have been cloned and transferred to soybean.