针对性健康教育对防止下肢手术术后患者跌倒的影响

The effect of individual health education preventing falling

目的探讨针对性健康教育对防止下肢手术术后患者跌倒的影响。方法将200例下肢手术术后患者按病房不同分为观察组和对照组各100例,对照组采用常规方法预防跌倒,观察组在此基础上进行针对性健康教育,比较两组跌倒发生情况;并在常规与针对性健康教育前后分别对两组采用MEFS改良跌倒功效评估表和平衡测评量表BBS测评,比较分析两组教育前后得分差值。结果观察组:无发生跌倒者,9例险些跌倒;对照组1例发生跌倒,12例险些跌倒。两量表对研究对象具有较好的信度和效度;两组患者在常规与针对性健康教育前后MEFS差值和BBS差值均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论针对性健康教育能够增强患者自信,更好地控制身体平衡,能够更显著减少患者术后跌倒的发生。

Objective To explore the individual health education to prevent patients falling with surgery on lower limbs. Methods A total of 200 cases were divided into two groups with 100 cases in each group.The control group re- ceived the conventional method to prevent falling, the observation group was based on the specific health education. MEFS and BBS were compared between two groups on happening of falling ,and scoring of fall balance and confi- dence before and after education. Results No case fell in the observation group, and 9 cases nearly fell; 1 case fell in the control group, and 12 cases nearly fell. Two scales had good reliability and validity; After the conventional or in- dividual health education , the improvement of MEFS and BBS of the observation group were statistically higher than the control group （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Individual health education can enhance the specific patients with confi- dence, better control bodies balance, could statistically reduce the falling.