微焦点X射线计算机层析(CMT)及其在石油研究领域的应用

X-Ray Computed Micro-tomography(CMT) and Its Application to Petroleum Research

工业微焦点ＣＴ的Ｘ射线源焦点尺寸小于５微米，成象分辨率明显优于常规焦点ＣＴ。在石油勘探开发研究中；微焦点ＣＴ在许多技术领域进行了应用，取得了崭新的成果：（１）确定岩心的基本物理参数—计算和描绘密度、孔隙度、流体饱和度分布；（２）描述岩心的微观特征—直观描述岩石内部孔隙结构和流体分布特征；（３）特殊油藏岩心分析评价—观察碳酸岩、火成岩等内部一些常规技术无法获得的特征；（４）岩心驱替和提高采收率分析—重建油水在岩心内部的宏观分布状态；（５）其他方面的应用—岩心筛选、地层伤害评价、岩石力学评价等。

The image resolution of industrial X-ray computed microtomography (CMT)with focal spot of X-ray source less than 5 micrometer is quite better than that of conventional focal spot CT.In petroleum exploration and development research computed microtomgraphy was used to many technological areas with revolutionary achievements: (1) determination of the basic petrophysical properties of cores - calculating and illustrating distribution of buck density, porosity and fluid saturation; (2) imaging of micro- scopic porous ofrock- intuitive describing micro-structure of porous and oil-water distribution in porous; (3) evaluatian of special lithological reservoir cores- investigating characteristics of cabonatite mogatic rock etc., that can not be done by conventional methods, (4) analysis of core flooding and enhanced oil recov- reconstructing macroscopical distribution of oil and water in cores, (5) application of other aspects: screening core, evaluation offormation damage, evaluating rock mechanical properties of cores, and so on.