极化效应、新极化效应与珠江三角洲的经济持续发展

Plarization, New Polarization and Zhujiang River Delta's Development

改革开放以来 ,珠江三角洲实施优惠政策和灵活措施 ,吸引了国内、国外大量资本、技术、劳动力等生产要素 ,形成了以劳动力密集产品为核心的极化效应 ,在极化效应的有力推动下 ,2 0年来 ,珠江三角洲经济持续高速增长 ,取得了很大的经济成就。进入 90年代中期以来 ,受国际、国内宏观经济环境的影响 ,以及自身发展中问题的出现 ,珠江三角洲极化效应明显减弱 ,经济增长速度减缓 ,经济进入调整期。珠江三角洲 2 0年的发展已积累了相当的经济实力 ,高新技术产业已有一定规模 ,以高新技术开发区为核心的增长极核逐步形成 ;体制改革向深化方向发展 ;92年以来跨国公司大量涌入 ,适时发动以技术密集型为核心的产业及地理极化 ,可以加速珠江三角洲经济的第二次腾飞。

Since reforming and opening to outside world, the Zhujiang River delta has absorbed an amount of capital, technology and labor forces with favorable policies and adaptable approaches, forming polarization effects with a labor intensive as a core. Driven by polarization effects, the Zhujiang River delta has undertaken great regional changes, which include:1 the main economic figures increasing rapidly and economic strength becoming stronger and stronger;2 light industry and labor intensive industry polarization;3 the proportion of second and tertiary industry in GDP increasing while agricultural proportion decreasing.4 rapidly urbanization;5 regional structure adjusted. However, since the middle of the 1990s, the polarization in the Zhujiang River delta has weakened because of some changes from home and abroad, which are: 1 with the advantages of favorable policies lost, internal forces weaken;2 stronger competition from Shanghai and Sandong Province; 3 external economic environment changes due to Asia financial crisis and lessening investment from Hongkong and Macao; 4 fierce challenges to light industry and labor intensive industry because of increasingly product cost. The Zhujiang River delta's economy has entered into adjusting phase with economic rate and export decreasing as well as labor intensive industry decentralizing to neighbour area. In order to realize economic continuous development in the Zhujiang River delta, the atuhor think that after 20 years' high speed development, the Zhujiang River delta has accumulated a great economic strength, its Hi tech industry has taken shape and the growing core of Hi tech development rapidly and with constitutional reform deepening, and many transnational corporation coming into the area, the Zhujiang River delta has some advantages to start the industry and geographic polarization with the tech intensive as core. But, there exists some limitation, such as lack of well quality talents, technology, so some measures must be taken to settle down this problems.