急诊护士亚健康与社会支持及应对方式的相关性研究

Study on correlation between sub-health and social support and coping mode in emergency nurses

目的探讨急诊护士亚健康状态与社会支持、应对方式之间的关系，为护理人力资源管理提供参考依据。方法运用便利整群取样法，抽取四川省6所三级甲等医院178名急诊护士，运用一般情况调查表、亚健康状况量表、社会支持量表和应对方式量表进行调查，并应用SPSS13．0软件包对所有数据进行统计学处理。结果共发放问卷178份，回收有效问卷160份，有效回收率为89．89％。160名急诊护士的亚健康状况总均分为（50．53±13．01）分，63．13％的护士处于亚健康状态，8．12％的护士处于疾病状态；社会支持总均分为（36．38±5．54）分，处于中等水平；积极应对均分为（2．13-4-0．52）分，消极应对均分为（1．68±0．46）分。急诊护士的亚健康状况与客观支持、主观支持、对支持的利用度、社会支持总均分及积极应对呈负相关，与消极应对呈正相关（P〈0．05）；积极应对与客观支持、主观支持、对支持的利用度及社会支持总均分呈正相关，与消极应对呈负相关（P〈0．05）；消极应对与客观支持、主观支持、对支持的利用度及社会支持总均分呈负相关（P〈0．05）。结论多数急诊护士处于亚健康状态，其社会支持处于中等水平，并更倾向于采取积极应对方式；社会支持与积极应对方式对亚健康有积极作用，消极应对方式对亚健康有负面影响，提示护理管理者应协助急诊护士寻找社会支持，并积极应对生活和工作压力，以降低亚健康的发生率。

Objective To explore the correlation between sub-health and social support, coping mode in emergency nurses, so as to provide reference for human resource management. Methods Totals of 178 emergency nurses from 6 Grade A hospitals in Sichuan Province were selected by convenience sampling. General information questionnaire, sub-health scale, social support and coping mode scale were used to conduct investigation, and SPSS 13.0 was used to analyze all the data. Results Totals of 178 questionnaires were handed out and 160 were recovered, with the rate of 89.89%. The average score of 160 emergency nurses＇ sub- health status was （50.53 ~ 13.01 ）, and 63.13% nurses were sub-healthy and 8.12% were ill. The average score of social support was （ 36.38 ± 5.54）, which was of the medium level. The average score of positive coping was （2.13 ± 0.52）, and that of passive coping was （ 1.68 ± 0.46）. Emergency nurses＇ sub-health was negatively related to objective support, subjective support, utilization of support, average score of social support and positive coping, and positively related to passive coping （P 〈 O. 05）. Positive coping was positively related to objective support, subjective support, utilization of support and average score of social support, and negatively related to passive coping （P 〈 O. 05）. Passive coping was negatively related to objective support, subjective support, utilization of support and average score of social support （ P 〈 O. 05 ）. Conclusions Most emergency nurses are sub-healthy, whose social support is in a medium level, and they are incline to take positive coping measures. The social support and positive coping have positive effect on sub-health, and the negative coping has negative effect on sub-health. Administrators should pay more attention to help emergency nurses get more social support and cope with life and work stress positively, so as to reduce the incidence of sub-health.