高校护理专业学生述情障碍及影响因素的研究

Study on the alexithymia of nursing students and its influencing factors

目的探讨公立院校与独立院校护理专业学生述情障碍特征及相关影响因素。方法采用多伦多述情障碍（TAS．20）、一般健康问卷（GHQ-20）和一般自我效能量表（GSES），对公立院校（新乡医学院）152名和独立院校（三全学院）121名护理专业大三学生进行问卷调查。结果新乡医学院发放问卷152份，回收有效问卷138份，有效率为90．79％；三全学院发放问卷121份，回收有效问卷117份，有效率为96．69％。新乡医学院护生TAS．20总分及情感辨别不能、情感描述不能两因子分分别为（52．46±8．78），（18．56±4．68），（13．45±2．83）分，三全学院分别为（49．33±7．74），（16．49±3．69），（12．48±2．38）分，差异均有统计学意义（t值分别为2．993，3．874，2．997；P〈0．05）。新乡医学院护理专业学生述情障碍与自我肯定、自我效能感呈负相关（P〈0．05）；三全学院护理专业学生述情障碍与自我肯定、自我效能感呈负相关，与焦虑呈正相关（P〈0．05）。结论公立院校护理专业学生述情障碍比独立院校护理专业学生严重。

Objective To discuss the alexithymia of nursing students in both independent college and public university and its influencing factors. Methods The twenty-item toronto alexithymia scale （TAS-20）, general health questionnaire （GHQ-20） and general self-efficacy scale （GSES） were used to investigate 152 junior nursing students from public university （Xinxiang Medical University） and 121 junior nursing students form independent college （Sanquan College）. Results Totals of 152 questionnaires were handed out in Xinxiang Medical University and 138 were recovered, with the rate of 90.79%. Totals of 121 questionnaires were handed out in Sanquan College and 117 were recovered, with the rate of 96.69%. The score of TAS-20, emotional description incapability and emotional recognition incapability was （52.46 ± 8.78）, （ 18.56 ± 4.68 ）, （ 13.45 ± 2.83） in Xinxiang nursing students, and （49.33 ± 7.74）, （ 16.49 ± 3.69 ）, （ 12.48 ± 2.38 ） in Sanquan nursing students, and the difference was statistically significant （ t = 2. 993, 3. 874, 2. 997, respectively; P 〈 0. 05）. The alexithymia of Xinxiang nursing students was negatively related to self-affirmation and self-efficacy （P 〈 0. 05）, while the alexithymia of Sanquan nursing students was not only negatively related to self-affirmation and self-efficacy, but also positively related to anxiety （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions Nursing students in public university has more serious alexithymia than nursing students in independent college.