宋朝对境外诸国和政权的册封制度

The system of Song Dynasty conferring titles on countries and minority regimes outsides of its borders

宋朝对部分境外朝贡诸国和政权首领、使臣实行册封,继承汉唐册封制度,形成阶、官、勋、爵、封邑和功臣号六个制度化册封要素和进封制度,通过官衔总和表示册封国地位轻重并根据现实需要通过朝贡排班加以调整。北宋册封制度以其视为"汉唐旧疆"和藩镇的交趾等政权为核心,南宋的册封则进一步放弃了对"汉唐旧疆"的权利主张,反映出宋朝构建朝贡体系时由"华夷一统"退守"汉唐旧疆",并进而放弃"汉唐旧疆"的收缩趋势。

Song Dynasty conferred titles on headmen and envoys of part of countries and minority regimes outsides of borders of Song Dynasty,these official tides comprised rank, official position , military order ,the rank of nobility, fief, meritorious titles steadily. Song Dynasty carried out promotion system of some tides. Song Dynasty denoted the status of the conferred counties and regimes by the summation official tide, in the meantime, their status was adjusted according order of seats in tributary affairs. The variety of system of conferring tides reflected the contract tendency of Song Dynasty construc- ting its tributary system.