阿拉尔地区温室甜樱桃生物学特性初探

Preliminary Study on the Biological Characteristics of Sweet Cherry in Greenhouse in Alar Region

以甜樱桃品种红灯和布鲁克斯为试材,对其开花生物学特性、新梢生长特性及叶片生长规律进行调查,为甜樱桃保护地栽培提供理论依据。结果表明,在阿拉尔地区温室栽培条件下,2011年甜樱桃的全株花期10～14d,2个品种的初花期集中在3月初,盛花期集中在3月中旬;新梢及叶片均呈现先快后慢的生长趋势,其中于4月24日、5月8日叶片纵径、横径生长量分别达到最大,之后缓慢生长,5月31日叶片停止生长。红灯和布鲁克斯的物候期基本一致,尤其是花期基本一致,这为温室栽培条件下2个品种间相互授粉提供了时间上的保证。2个品种适合在阿拉尔地区进行设施栽培。

The present experiment was carried out to study the biological characteristics of the in- troduced sweet cherries to provide the theoretical basis for greenhouse cultivation. The flowering season, shoot growth characteristics and leaf growth were investigated on the two varieties, Hong- deng and Brooks. The results showed that the flowering season of sweet cherry was 10--14 d in greenhouse in Alar region,with the initial flowering in early March and florescence in mid-March. The growth vigor of branch and leaf was firstly fast and then Slow. The vertical and transverse di- ameter of leaf reached maximum in April 24th and May 8th,respectively. Then leaf grew slower, and stopped in May 31st. The phenological periods were basically same, especially the flowering season of two sweet cherries. This consistence provided the time guarantee for mutual pollination, indicating that the two varieties were suitable for cultivation in Alar region.