语文课程性质新论

New Arguments on The Nature of Chinese Course

语文独立设科一百多年来,对其课程性质的探讨不时出现。根据论者哲学观的不同可分为本质主义和非本质主义两大类。前者认为语文是一门学习言语形式运用的课程,后者只以语文课程性质作为讨论的话题,并非对此进行本体研究。可根据"家族相似"理论重新思考语文课程性质:在对待语文课程与其他课程的关系上,本质主义专注它们之间相异的地方,反本质主义专注它们之间相似的地方,而从语文课程是从一个"综合课程"分离出来的角度来看,可以综合考虑其与其他课程的"同中有异"和"异中有同"。若从既要学习言语内容又要学习言语形式并以学习言语形式为主出发,则同样可以将其与其他课程区分开来。这样既限制了意识形态、人文思潮等对语文课程的干扰("非语文"),又避免了语文课程因科学主义所采用不科学的做法所导致的异化("唯语文")。

Chinese course has been an independent subject for more than 100 years, the discussions of the course＇s nature arise from time to time. The discussions can be divided into essentialism and non- essentialism according to commentators＇ philosophy views. The former argues that Chinese course is a subject of learning the use of speech form, while the latter only regards the nature of Chinese course as a topic for discussion, not an ontology research. We can rethink the nature of Chinese course according to the ＂family resemblance＂ theory： essentialism focuses on the difference between Chinese course and other courses, non - essentialism focuses on the similarities between them. As Chinese course is separated from a ＂comprehensive curriculum＂, we can comprehensively consider ＂difference in the same＂ and ＂same in the difference＂ between it and other courses. From the view of learning speech content and speech form, we can also separate it from the other courses. This will not only limit the interference of ideology, humanistic thoughts and other ide-ologies on Chinese course （ ＂Non -Chinese＂）, but also avoid the Chinese course＇s alienation caused by the unscientific practice of scientism （ ＂Only - Chinese＂ ）.