摘要
设计改进了一个新的无机化学实验"氯化铵和硫酸铵生成焓与晶格能的测定"。用数字贝克曼温度计代替水银温度计以减小测量的误差;用作图法对温度-时间曲线进行校正,提高了温度测量的准确度;在测定NH4C1溶解焓的实验中使NH4C1的用量减少为原来的40%,硫酸铵的设计性实验可以培养学生的综合能力,所得硫酸铵溶液可用作制备硫酸亚铁铵的原料;通过溶解热求晶格能,引导学生探究离子晶体结构与物性间的关系。
A new inorganic chemistry experiment of ＂Determination of standard enthalpies of formation and lattice energies of ammonium chloride and ammonium sulfate＂ has been designed. To reduce the measurement error, temperature was measured by digital Beckman thermometer and the experimental data were passed to computer for drawing and linear regress by means of software Origin. As a result, the mass of ammonium chloride used for measurement of enthalpy of dissolution decreased to about 40~. The designing experiment on ammonium sulfate can cultivate the integrated ability of students. Calculations of the lattice energies of ammonium chloride and ammonium sulfate based on their enthalpies of dissolution are introduced, which can guide the students to research the relationship between the ionic crystal structures and physieochemical properties.
出处
《实验技术与管理》
CAS
北大核心
2013年第7期33-36,39,共5页
Experimental Technology and Management
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(21071085)
河北省自然科学基金项目(B2012202106)
河北工业大学和河北工业大学城市学院2011-2012教学改革专项研究项目资助(2012-26
2012-60)
关键词
无机化学实验
生成焓
晶格能
氯化铵
硫酸铵
inorganic chemistry experiment
enthalpy of formation
lattice energy
ammonium chloride
ammonium sulfate
