生产性噪声对青年工人心血管系统的影响

Effect of productive noise on the cardiovascular system of young workers

目的探讨噪声对青年作业人群心血管系统的影响。方法对2008—2012年在南宁市疾病预防控制中心接受职业健康检查的2 003名噪声作业工人的血压和心电图检查结果进行分析。结果接受职业健康检查的青年工人中,高血压的患病率为4.89%,心电图异常发生率为9.39%。男性高血压患病率明显高于女性(χ2=9.830,P<0.01),工龄越长者高血压患病率越高(χ2=25.119,P<0.01)。心电图异常表现依次为窦性心动过缓、束支传导阻滞、心律不齐、过早搏动、窦性心动过速和ST-T改变。男性窦性心动过缓和束支传导阻滞的构成比高于女性(χ2=4.628,P<0.05;χ2=9.606,P<0.01),女性心律不齐、ST-T改变和过早搏动的构成比高于男性(χ2=3.888,P<0.05;χ2=8.735,P<0.01;χ2=4.244,P<0.05)。15～24岁组心律不齐的构成比高于25～34岁组(χ2=6.732,P<0.01),而窦性心动过缓的构成比为25～34岁组高于15～24岁组(χ2=3.893,P<0.05)。结论长期噪声暴露会对青年工人的心血管系统产生不良影响。

[ Objective] To investigate the effects of productive noise on the cardiovascular system of young workers. [ Methods] Oc- cupational health examination was performed on young workers with noise exposure from 2008 -2012 in Nanning CDC. The exami- nation results of blood pressure and ECG were analyzed. [ Results] The prevalence of hypertension was 4.89% ; and the rate of ab- normal ECG was 9.39%. The prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher in male and workers with longer service length than in female and those with shorter service lengthen （X^2= 9. 830, P 〈 0.01 ;X^2= 25.119, P 〈0. 01 ）. abnormal electrocardio- gram showed sinus bradycardia, bundle branch block, arrhythmia, premature beat, sinus tachycardia, ST-T change in order. The ratio of sinus bradycardia and bundle branch block was respectively higher in male than that in female （X^2= 4. 628, P 〈 0.05 ; X^2=9. 606,P 〈0.01）. The ratio of arrhythmia, ST-T change and premature beat was respectively higher in female than that in male （X^2= 3. 888, P 〈 0.05 ;X^2= 8. 735, P 〈 0.01 ;X^2= 4. 244, P 〈 0.05 }. The ratio of arrhythmia was higher in group of 15-24 years than that in group of 25-34 years （X^2= 6. 732, P 〈 0.01 ） ; while the ratio of sinus bradycardia was opposite order （ X^2 = 3. 893 ,P 〈0.05）. [ Conclusion] Long term exposure to noise can make adverse impact on the cardiovascular system of young work-