大黄包装方法研究

Study on packaging methods for Rhei Radix et Rhizoma

目的以大黄有效成分、储藏前后质量耗损、保质时间和经济效益为指标,考察大黄适宜的包装方法。方法供试用大黄品种为掌叶大黄Rheum palmatum,外观色泽考察依据《中国药典》2010年版;用热浸法提取浸出物;HPLC法测定蒽醌、儿茶素和没食子酸的量。结果大黄包装含水量对有效成分有显著影响,含水量为24%左右时,浸出物的量最高,为31.36%;含水量为14%左右时,浸出物的量最低;蒽醌的量则相反,此含水量蒽醌的量最高,为1.893%;含水量为20%左右时,儿茶素和没食子酸的量均最高,分别为1.492%和0.400%;真空包装的大黄浸出物和蒽醌的量均最高,分别达33.47%和1.891%,普通包装处理最低,仅分别为28.30%和1.539%;加入脱氧剂包装的没食子酸和儿茶素的量最高,没食子酸的量为0.323%,儿茶素的量达到2.022%;大黄储藏1年时,通过对霉变、虫蛀情况的观察,以及大黄品质的测定发现,在大黄水分的量不超过20%时,采用真空包装,储藏期无霉变出现,大黄外观质量良好。结论抽真空包装是大黄最优的气调包装方法,它不仅能增加药农收入,也提高了大黄保质储藏过程的水分量。

Objective To explore the suitable packaging methods for Rhei Radix et Rhizoma（RRR） with the contents of active ingredients,quality loss before and after storage,shelf life,and economic benefit as indexes.Methods Rheum palmatum was used in the experiment and the color of RRR was studied according to Chinese Pharmacopeia 2010.The extract was obtained by hot-dip method,and the contents of anthraquinone,gallic acid,and catechin were determined using HPLC.Results The moisture capacity of RRR package had the significant effect on the active constituents,the highest content of extracting substances（31.36%） was obtained with the moisture content of 24%,and the lowest content was obtained with the moisture content of 14%.The highest anthraquinone content（1.893%） was obtained with the moisture content of 14%,and the highest in catechin and gallic acid contents were 1.492% and 0.400% with the moisture content of 20%.The contents of RRR extract and anthraquinone were the highest（33.47% and 1.891%） with vacuum packing,while those with common package were the lowest（28.30% and 1.539%）.The highest contents of gallic acid and catechin（0.323% and 2.022%） were obtained with deoxidizer packaging.The mildew and infestation observation and the quality determination of one-year stored RRR showed that the vacuum packing had no mildew with the moisture content of less than 20%.Conclusion The vacuum packing is an optimal atmosphere packaging method,which could increase the revenue of farmers and the moisture content of RRR during storage.