采用异步电动机的纯电动汽车系统研究

Study of Battery Electric Vehicle System Based on Induction Motor

永磁同步电动机需要紧缺的稀土,但稀土的开采会造成环境污染,所以选择异步电动机作为纯电动汽车(BEV)的驱动电机。搭建一台由蓄电池、双向DC/DC、脉宽调制(PWM)变流器和异步电动机组成的BEV实时控制平台,双向DC/DC采用电流内环、电压外环双闭环控制结构,持续稳定地为PWM变流器提供能量,同时吸收BEV减速时回馈的能量;异步电动机采用基于转子磁链定向的矢量控制方法进行调速控制。实验结果表明BEV实时控制平台能实现能量的双向流动,具有良好的调速性能,验证了该平台的有效性。

Because permanent magnet synchronous motor needs scarce rare earths, and mining of rare earths causes environmental problems.The induction motor is selected for the drive motor of battery electric vehicle（BEV）.The real- time control platform of BEV composed of battery, bidirectional DC/DC converter, pulse width modulation（PWM） con- verter and induction motor is established.A double closed-loop control structure based on current inner loop and volt- age outer loop is used for bidirectional DC/DC converter.The bidirectional DC/DC converter provides PWM converter with energy, and absorbs feedback energy when speed of BEV slows.A rotor flux oriented vector control method is used for speed regulation control of induction motor.The experimental results show the real-time control platform of BEV can achieve the bidirectional flow of energy and has good dynamic and static performance of speed regulation. All these verify the validity of the platform.