湖南省农村涂阳肺结核患者吸烟状况及影响因素研究

Study on the Prevalence of Smoking Among Patients with Smear-positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Rural Areas in Hunan Province

目的了解活动性肺结核病患者的吸烟状况及其影响因素，为在结核病防治规划实施中控烟干预措施提供科学依据。方法采取横断面调查方法，通过分层随机抽样，分别在湖南省10个国家级贫困县和21个省级贫困县中各抽1个县，在其余91个一般县（市、区）中抽2个县为研究现场。采用自制的调查问卷，在知情同意下，对到4个抽样县结核病防治所确诊、登记，年龄在15岁及以上的连续传染性肺结核病例逐一进行面谈。结果在318例涂片阳性肺结核病人中，男性229人（72％），女性89人（28％）。吸烟者共129例（40．6％），其中男性吸烟者124人，占男性肺结核患者54．1％；女性吸烟者5人，占女性肺结核患者5．6％。吸烟者平均吸烟年限20年（1--60年），每天平均吸烟支数为20支（5--40支）。影响结核病患者吸烟的因素有性别、年龄和本人收入占家庭收入的比值。结论-在结核病防治中控烟干预的目标人群为男性、高年龄组和本人收入占家庭收入比值高的患者。

Objective To study the prevalence of smoking and its influencing factors among patients with smear - positive pulmonary tuberculosis in rural areas in Hunan province, so as to provide reference for the implementation of tobacco control inter- ventions in the prevention and control of tuberculosis. Methods A cross - sectional descriptive survey was conducted in 4 counties selected by stratified random sampling on the basis of the economic status from 122 counties in Hunan province. The pa- tients with smear - positive pulmonary tuberculosis aged 15 years or older who were diagnosed and registerec~ in the tuberculosis dispensaries in these counties were interviewed with informed consent. Results A total of 318 patients with smear- positive pulmonary tuberculosis were recruited, with 229 males （72.0%） and 89 females （28.0%）. 129 （40.6%） of them were smok- ers, among which 124 were males and 5 were females, accounting for 54.1%, 5.6% of the male and female patients, respec- tively. The median of smoking years was 20, and the median of cigarette consumption per person - day was 20. Logistic regres- sion showed that factors affecting smoking behaviors were gender, age and the proportion of the patient＇s income in the total in- come of the family. Conclusions The main target populations of tobacco control among patients with smear- positive pulmo- nary tuberculosis are males, the aged and the individuals with higher proportions of income in the family.