云南小麦种植气候生态类型区划及评价

Regionalization and evaluation of eco-climate types in Yunnan wheat growing areas

云南气候立体性强、干湿分明,干旱、低温是制约云南小麦高产稳产的主要影响因子。为给云南小麦种植提供更加客观、科学的理论依据,根据云南小麦生育期间(10月—翌年5月)的降雨量、气温(积温)和日照时数的时间、空间分布与小麦生长适应性之间的相关性,用统计分析软件SPSS因子分析中的主成分分析法与GIS技术结合,对云南小麦种植区进行气候生态类型区划试验,并对区划结果进行综合评述。结果表明,云南小麦气候生态类型可划分为中北部冷凉小麦种植区、中部半干旱小麦种植区、中部半湿润小麦种植区和南部温暖湿润小麦种植区,其中中部半干旱区是云南小麦最适宜和优先发展种植区。

The cubic climate,dry clear,drought and low temperature were the main factors affecting the high and stable yield of wheat in Yunnan.In order to provide more objective,scientific theory for wheat planting in Yunnan,regionalization test of climate ecotype was carried out and the regionalization results were comprehensively reviewed based on the temporal and spatial distribution of rainfall,temperature（accumulated temperature） and sunshine hours in wheat growth period（from October to May） and their correlation with growth adaptation,using principal component analysis of SPSS and GIS technologies.The results showed that the eco-climates for wheat planting in Yunnan were divided into four types： northern-central cold wheat growing area,central semi-arid wheat growing area,central semi-humid wheat growing area and southern warm-wet wheat growing area,Therein,the central semi-arid wheat-growing area was the most suitable region and priority development area for wheat planting in Yunnan.