27种草本植物基因组的RAPD多态性分析

Analysis on Genetic Polymorphism of 27 Kinds of Herbs by RAPD Method

为研究草本植物之间的遗传多态性及其亲缘关系,以27种草本植物为试验材料,采用随机扩增多态性DNA(random amplified polymorphic DNA,RAPD)技术对其遗传多样性进行分析,以NTSYS v2.10e软件分析样品的遗传相似系数。结果表明:从40条引物中筛选出8个随机引物具有多态性。经扩增共获得124条DNA谱带,均具有多态性(100%)。不同种属的草本植物之间存在着一定的遗传相似性,最低相似性为0.44,最高相似性达0.97。表明,这27种草本植物的遗传多样性丰富。多数与形态学的分类结果相符,但禾本科植物中黑麦草属与羊茅属有交叉分布现象,豆科植物中三叶草属与苜蓿属植物与形态学分类结果有一定差异。

This study was aimed at the genetic polymorphisms and genetic relationships between the plants. The genetic pholymorphism of 27 kinds of herbs were analyzed by random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD） method. The genetic similarity coefficient was calculated based on UPGMA analysis using NTSYS v2. 10e software. Results： eight single polymorphic primers were selected from 40 primers by polymerase chain reaction （PCR） taking the genome DNA as templates. 124 bands were amplified with 100~/40 polymorphism. Cluster analysis showed that different species of herbs contained plenty of genetic diversity in which the lowest coefficient of similarity was 0.44 and the highest was 0.97. The 27 species of herbs were of abundant genetic diversity, most of which was in accordance with the morphological classification. However, some species were confused into one branch, which belonged to two different genera based on morphology classification, including Loliurn and Fescue. Trifolium and Medicago of leguminous plants had certain differentiation with the morphological classification.