基于城市化视角的贵州省城乡收入差距分析

Narrowing the Income Gap Between Urban and Rural Areas Based on the Perspective of Urbanization in Guizhou

为缩小贵州省城乡收入差距提供参考依据,选取贵州省1981—2010年有关统计数据,对城市化和城乡居民收入差距进行了分析。结果表明:贵州城乡收入差距与城市化水平有因果关系,并表现为双重性,1981—2010年随着城市化进程的发展,城乡收入差距表现出扩大-缩小-扩大-缩小的变化趋势,但是总体趋势在扩大。从东部发达地区城市化与城乡居民收入差距的变化来看,要缩小城乡收入差距必须加快贵州城市化进程,一是进一步破解城乡二元结构,改革制约城市化的深层次制度因素;二是要统筹配置城乡社会资源;三是要加快推进城市化,努力实现农村劳动力有效转移和充分就业。

To provide a reference for narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas in Guizhou, the author selected relevant statistical data from 1981 to 2010 to analyze urban and rural residents income. The results showed that the income gap between urban and rural areas in Guizhou had causal relationship with the level of urbanization, and characterized by duality. With the development of urbanization from 1981 to 2010, the income gap between urban and rural areas showed the change trend of expanding - narrowing- expanding-reducing, but the overall trend was in expanding. According to the income gap variation between urbanization and urban and rural residents~ income, it was essential to break the urban and rural dual structure, reform deep-seated institutional factors restricting the urbanization, configurate social resources in urban and rural areas as a whole, and accelerate the urbanization, rural labor force to achieve effective transfer and full emtplovment.