高压注空气提高采收率的影响因素研究

Influencing Factors of EOR by High Pressure Air Injection

近年来,高压注空气法在轻质油油藏中的应用取得了显著效果,并受到广泛关注。本文回顾高压注空气技术的发展过程及其最新进展,列举了几个典型的注空气项目及其主要参数。分析高压注空气技术的驱油机理认为,轻质原油注空气是一种以烟道气驱与热效应作用为主的驱油方式。基于对美国大量注空气项目的地质特征分析,总结了注空气项目的地质影响因素及油藏筛选标准,包括室内筛选标准和矿场筛选标准。从生产井、注入井及其他生产设施等方面,分析注空气安全方面存在的主要问题和解决措施。室内实验和矿场应用结果表明:高压注空气驱油技术是一项经济有效的提高采收率方法,特别适用于低渗透、高压、深层、轻质油油藏,既可用于注水后油田的三次采油,也适用于注水困难的低渗油田的二次采油,还可以与注水技术并用,保持地层压力及重力稳定驱油。备受关注的注空气安全问题也逐渐得到缓解,高压注空气技术前景广阔。

In recent years,high pressure air injection（HPAI） has attracted more attention for its successful application in the light oil reservoir.Therefore,its history and latest progress are overviewed,and some typical HPAI projects and their basic parameters were listed.After the mechanism of HPAI is analyzed,we know that air injection in the light oil reservoir is a displacement way dominated by flue gas drive and thermal effects.Geological influencing factors and reservoir screening standard（lab screen and field screen） are summarized based on the analysis on geological features of lots of air injection projects in America.Safety issue and its measures of HPAI are also discussed in terms of productive wells,injection wells and other production equipments.Laboratory experiment and field applications indicate that HPAI is an economic and effective IOR/EOR method,especially for high pressure,light oil reservoir with low permeability and high buried depth.It can be used not only as an EOR method in post flooding reservoir,but also as an IOR method in the low permeability reservoirs being hard to inject water,as well as a method combined with flooding to maintain formation pressure and make gravity stable displacement.The concerned safety issues of HPAI are gradually solved,and HPAI has a good prospect.