涂又光先生的道儒情怀

Tu Youguang's Thought and Feeling of Taoism and Confucianism

涂又光先生认为,道家是中国哲学的主根,儒家是中国哲学的主干,两者相互依存。自觉的天人合一也就是有限的血肉之躯与无限的精神愿望的统一,是个体的一种自觉或哲学世界观。只有论定个体的存在、价值、权利、尊严,在此主根上发展下去,中国哲学才能与时俱进,成为当代中国的时代精神。涂先生的"道家主根论"接续了冯友兰的"新理学"。他在宣称道家是中国哲学之主根的时候,把儒家称作中国哲学的主干。儒家以家(集体)为本位的思想对于人类社会永远有其价值。儒家的宇宙是"道德的宇宙",而道家的宇宙则是"超道德的"。

Master Tu Youguang advocates the idea of that the Taoism is the main root of philosophies in China while the Confucianism is the main stem that supports them, both of Taoism and Confucianism existing inseparably. Taoist unity of the individual being and the universe is in essence the unity of limited body and limitless spirit, which expresses as one beings conscience and philosophical view. Only when the being＇s existence, value, right and dignity are affirmed, will philosophies on the main root of Taoism de- velop with time and become the mainstream of time spirit. Master Tu＇s thought of that Taoism is the main root of Chinese philosophy inherits from Feng Youlan＇s idea of Neo-Confucianism, accepting the Confucian- ism as the main stem that supports the Chinese philosophy. Confucian collectivism is valuable to the hu- man society. Therefore, the view of the universe, in the eyes of Confucianists, is a universe of morality, while in the eyes of Taoists, is a universe above morality.