耐寒丛生竹椽竹竹材的理化性质分析

Study on Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Culms of Cold Resistance Sympodial Bamboo,Bambusa textilis var. fasca

测定了椽竹竹材的理化性质,并与毛竹、青皮竹和绿竹竹材进行了比较分析。结果表明:椽竹各竹龄竹材的基本密度、气干密度和全干密度平均值分别为0.523 0.632 g.cm-3、0.656 0.801 g.cm-3和0.658 0.777 g.cm-3,随着竹龄增长各部位竹材密度表现出增大的趋势,3年生以上椽竹竹材基本密度小于参比竹种毛竹和青皮竹,大于绿竹。3年生以上椽竹竹材的平均气干体积干缩率和全干体积干缩率分别为9.6%和13.6%,大于毛竹;各竹龄椽竹竹材径向干缩率大于弦向干缩率和纵向干缩率。3年生以上椽竹竹材的灰分平均含量小于绿竹和青皮竹,酸不溶木素平均含量与青皮竹接近而小于绿竹,综纤维素含量大于80%,多戊糖、热水抽出物、1%NaOH抽出物平均含量均高于青皮竹和绿竹,而苯-醇抽出物平均含量小于青皮竹和绿竹。综合分析,椽竹作为纸浆材具有较高的利用价值。

The physical and chemical characteristics of culms of Bambusa textilis var.fasca were measured,and a comparative analysis with Phyllostachys edulis,B.textilis and Dendrocalamopsis oldhami were made.The results showed that the average basic density,air-dried density and oven-dried density of B.textilis var.fasca among different ages changed in the ranges of 0.523 0.632 g.cm-3,0.656 0.801 g.cm-3 and 0.658 0.777 g.cm-3 respectively.The density of B.textilis var.fasca increased with age.The basic density of B.textilis var.fasca with the age over 3 years was lower than that of reference P.edulis and B.textilis,but higher than that of D.oldhami.The average air-dried volume and oven-dried volume shrinkage ratio of B.textilis var.fasca with the age over 3 years were 9.6% and 13.6% respectively,which were higher than that of P.edulis.The radial shrinkage of B.textilis var.fasca was greater than tangential shrinkage and portrait shrinkage.The average ash content of B.textilis var.fasca with the age over 3 years was less than that of D.oldhami and B.textilis,but the average lignin content of B.textilis var.fasca with the age over 3 years was similar to that of B.textilis and less than that of D.oldhami.The holocellulose content of B.textilis var.fasca was more than 80%.The average content of pentosan,hot water extracts and 1% NaOH extracts of B.textilis var.fasca with the age over 3 years were also greater than that of D.oldhami and B.textilis.But the average content of benzene-alcohol extracts of B.textilis var.fasca with the age over 3 years was less than that of D.oldhami and B.textilis.Therefore it is suitable for B.textilis var.fasca to be used for pulpwood.