基于RS和GIS东北农业主产区水土流失敏感性评价——以黑龙江省宾县为例

Based on RS And GIS Soil Erosion Sensitivity Evaluation in Northeast Major Agricultural Producing Areas: In Bin County in Heilongjiang Province as an Example

基于RS和GIS技术,从土壤侵蚀、土地利用和地质灾害3个方面出发,选取土地覆盖类型、高程、地质灾害、土壤侵蚀和坡度等5个因子,基于AHP确定因子权重,借助于ArcGIS的空间叠加分析,通过多因子叠加计算完成研究区水土流失敏感的综合评价,并探究其空间分布格局。研究结果表明:4个敏感级的面积比分别为15.20%,50.00%,20.45%和14.35%,其中,极敏感区的面积比例最小,低敏感区面积的最大;不敏感区主要分布在城市化进程相对较快的区域;低敏感区主要分布在研究区中部的丘陵地带和北部沿江河谷平原区,敏感区主要分布于南部和西南部的前山和深丘地区,极敏感区集中分布南部山区;在地域分异规律上,敏感程度由北向南逐渐递增。该结果可为区域水土保持规划的制定和生态环境的建设提供重要的科学依据和技术支撑。

Based on the RS and GIS,five sensitive factors for eco-environment were selected for soil erosion,land use and geology disaster,such as land use types,elevation,geology disaster,soil erosion and slope.And then combined Analytic Hierarchy Process（AHP） and spatial analysis in Geographical Information System（GIS）,the integrated sensitivity assessment of water and soil loss was obtained by overlapping function with ArcGIS,and then the spatial distribution pattern of sensitivity assessment of water and soil loss was studied,the results shown that： the area percentage of extreme sensitivity,sensitivity,low sensitivity and no sensitivity are 15.20%,50.00%,20.45%,14.35%,respectively,the area percentage of the extreme sensitivity was smallest,while the low sensitivity has the greatest area percentage.