披碱草属野生种质材料在干旱与半干旱区适应性评价

Comprehensive Evaluation on Adaptability of the Wild Elymus L. Germplasm in Arid and Semi-arid Region

应用灰色理论系统,以搜集自我国8省区的38份披碱草属植物野生种质材料为研究对象,对其株高、叶面积生长动态、草产量、茎叶比、鲜干比及种子产量进行灰色关联度分析。结果表明,株高从拔节期到抽穗期增幅较大,而叶面积从分蘖期到拔节期增幅较大;38份材料鲜草及干草产量差异较大,变异系数分别为39.275%和43.087%;大部分种质材料茎叶比在1.0～2.0之间;不同材料种子产量的变异系数较大;产量与各主要农艺性状的关联度大小顺序为:鲜干比>种子产量>茎叶比>叶面积>株高。综合分析发现,适应性较好的种质材料有NMC32、BJT37、QHD19、SXD36、XJD11、XJD15、XJS8、XJT2、XJE13和XJD5。

By using Grey system theory,thirty-eight accessions of wild Elymus were collected and studied.All Elymus materials could return green in middle or late April.This indicated that they could survive over winter safely in arid and semi-arid areas of Inner Mongolia.All the tested accessions could vegetate well and had better adaptability to local eco-climatic conditions.But different materials had significant differences in growth period under the same environmental conditions.The growth dynamics of plant height increased quickly from jointing stage to heading stage,while the leaf area increased quickly from tillering stage to jointing stage.Therefore taking good cultivation management measures could improve forage production and performance at different growth stages.The yield characterizes of the thirty-eight accessions were significantly different.The hay yield of material XJS8 was the highest among all accessions,which increase by 29.937% and 70.79% than that of comparisons（NMD33and NMS34）.The leaf-stem ratio of most accessions was 1.5~2.0,and NMS27,GSN21,BJD38,GSS22 and NMS29 were higher than 2.0.The seed yields of QHD19,GSS22,NMS27and SXS35 were higher than other accessions.Gray correlation analysis showed that 13 germplasm performed well,23 medium and 2 poor.NMC32,BJT37,QHD19,SXD36,XJD11,XJD15,XJS8,XJT2,XJE13 and XJD5 were the top 10 germplasm.