福建省育龄妇女麻疹发病相关因素的病例对照研究

Associated risk factors of measles among women of childbearing age in Fujian:a case-control study

目的探讨福建省育龄妇女麻疹发病的危险因素。方法采用病例对照研究,收集福建省2007-2011年发生的全部育龄妇女麻疹病例477例和1 431例健康人群的一般社会人口经济学、麻疹疫苗免疫史、人口性质、医院暴露史和病人接触史等信息。结果多因素分析显示,病例组中未接种麻疹疫苗的比例明显高于对照组(OR=0.34,95%CI=0.27～0.43),病例组中医院暴露的比例明显高于对照组(OR=2.28,95%CI=1.17～4.43),病例组中有接触史的病例明显高于对照组(OR=4.43,95%CI=2.94～6.67);单因素分析提示,两组人群的家庭人均月收入差异有统计学意义(OR=0.35,95%CI=0.28～0.44)。结论无麻疹疫苗免疫史人群、医院暴露人群、有接触史人群、家庭人均收入低的人群是福建省育龄妇女麻疹发病的高危人群。

Objective To explore the relative risk factors of measles among women of childbearing age in Fujian province.Methods A Case-control study was conducted in which data of 477 childbearing age women with measles and 1431 healthy counterparts were collected,analyzed and compared including general social and demographic features,history of measles vaccination and hospital exposure or contact with patients.Results Multi-factor analysis showed that in case group,the number of unvaccinated women and women exposed to hospitals as well as those contacted with patients were all much higher compared to the control group（OR=0.34,95%CI=0.27-0.43）,（OR=2.28,95%CI=1.17-4.43）,（OR=4.43,95%CI=2.94-6.67）.Meanwhile,statistically significant correlation was found between the average family income and prevalence of measles among women of childbearing age（OR=0.35,95%CI=0.28-0.44）by single-factor statistical analysis.Conclusions Unvaccinated,hospital exposure,history of contact with patients and low family income are considered to be risk factors of measles among women of childbearing age.