城市居民共情、宽恕对生活满意度的影响

Effect of empathy, forgiveness on urban residents＇ life satisfaction

目的探讨城市居民共情、宽恕对生活满意度的影响，并探讨宽恕在共情和生活满意之间的中介效应。方法使用人际反应指数量表（IRI）、宽恕量表（TFS）、生活满意度量表（SWLS），在全国范围内展开问卷调查，共取得有效样本3537份。结果①共情变量中的观点采摘维度可以显著预测宽恕和生活满意（β=0．409，P〈0．01；β=0．145，P〈0．01），个人忧急维度可以负向预测宽恕和生活满意（JB=-0．291，P〈0．01；β=-0．181，P〈0．01）；②宽恕可以显著预测生活满意（β=0．142，P〈0．01）；③宽恕在观点采摘和生活满意之间部分中介效应显著（P〈0．01），在个人忧急和生活满意之间部分中介效应亦显著（P〈0．01）。结论共情中的观点采摘和个人忧急维度对生活满意有不同的预测作用，宽恕在其中起到重要中介作用。

Objective To explore the effect of empathy and forgiveness on urban residents＇ life satisfaction. Methods Interpersonal Reactivity Index （IRI）, Trait Forgivingness Scale （TFS） and the Satisfaction with Life Scale（SWLS） were administrated to 3537 participants living in several provinces in China. Results ①The variable of perspective-taking had significant main effect on both forgiveness and life satisfaction（ β = 0.409, P 〈 0.01;13 = 0. 145, P 〈 0.01 ）, and particularly personal distress had significant negative effect on both forgiveness and life satisfaction（ β= -0. 291, P〈0.01;13= -0. 181, P〈0.01 ） ②Forgiveness had significant main effect on life satisfaction（ 13= 0. 142, P〈0. 01 ）. ③The relationship between perspective-taking and life satisfaction was partially mediated by forgiveness（ P 〈0.01 ）. The relationship between personal distress and life satisfaction was also partially mediated by forgiveness （P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion Perspective-taking and personal distress has different predicting effect on life satisfaction, and forgiveness plays an important mediating role in the relationship between them.