G8还是G9？--德国文理中学教育制度改革之再改革

G8 or G9 ?——The Reform of the Reform on Behalf of Gymasium in Germany

文理中学(德语:Gymnasium)作为德国中学的形式之一,在中国还经常被译为"9年制文理中学",[1]但实际上德国文理中学的学制早已改革,从9年制缩短为8年制(G8)。日前德国又有联邦州决定进行再改革,恢复9年制(G9)。关于文理中学的学制改革在德国几度引发热议,但在我国国内并未引发关注。该文陈述德国文理中学改革的历史前情和相关情况,并对"德国文理中学改革之再改革"所引发的争议以及现状和发展趋向进行分析。

＂Gymnasium＂, in English ＂high school＂, is one of the many forms of middle school in Germany. The German word ＂Gymnasium＂ is translated in Chinese as the ＂nine year long middle school for arts and science＂, but in fact the gymnasium in Germany has already been reformed for a few years, shortened from 9 years （G9） to 8 years （GS）. Recently have some federal states in Germany decided to reform the gymnasium system again und to come back to G9. In Germany, the reform on behalf of the gymnasium has been debated for a long time, since the first reform till now to the second reform, yet it has seldom caused any concern in China. This paper tells about the reason and reaction of the first gymnasium reform, and also analyzes the ＂reform of the reform＂ status quo and how it will develoo in the future.