小麦农艺性状的主基因＋多基因遗传分析

Genetic Analysis of Agronomic Traits Related to Yield Based on Major Gene Plus Polygene Model in Wheat

为明确小麦重要农艺性状的遗传组成,并筛选适于QTL的性状,以西农817和中国春为亲本,构建F2、F3群体,采用P1、P2、F1、F2、F3五世代联合分析方法,研究了株高、有效分蘖、小穗数、穗粒数、穗长、穗下节间距、小穗着生密度等产量相关性状的遗传模型。结果表明,7个性状不仅受基因的控制,同时也受到不同程度的环境影响。其中,穗长、穗粒数符合多基因遗传模型,无主基因存在;株高、小穗数、小穗着生密度符合一对加显性主基因+加性-显性多基因混合遗传模型;穗下节间距符合一对完全显性主基因+加性-显性多基因模型;有效分蘖符合一对负向完全显性主基因+加性-显性多基因模型。

In this paper,inheritance of 7 yield-related traits was analyzed by the joint segregation analysis of a mixed genetic model of major gene plus polygene in five generations（P1,P2,F1,F2and F3）derived from cross Xinong 817×Chinese Spring.The results show that the 7 traits not only were controlled by the genes,but also influenced by environment.Spike length,grains per spike were fitted by polygene model.Plant height,spikelets per spike and compactness were fitted by one additive major gene plus additive-dominance polygenes model.Spike and flag leaf distance was fitted by one completely dominant major gene plus additive-dominance polygene model.Effective tillers were fitted by one negative complete dominant major gene plus additive-dominance polygene model.Genetic analysis of yield-related traits with major gene plus polygene mixed inheritance model in wheat will help to elucidate the genetic mechanism of them.